Body construction for vehicles



W. H. EMOND BODY COSTRUCTION FOR VEHICLES Jan. 19 1926. `1,570,560

Original Filed Sept. 13. 1923 3 Sheets-'Sheet 1 l Ill/11111111 'l U71: l

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Jan. 19 1926. l v W. H. EMOND .BODY CONSTRUCTION FOR VEHICLES OriginalFiled 3913i '3 Shee'ts-Shet 2 ODD WMM,

. mi@ @L Jan. 19 1926. W. H. EMOND BODY CONSTRUCTION FOR VEHICLESOriginal Filed Sept. 13, 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 flo y@ wwwf/ body o aclosed vehic Patented dem "ii'tlhlD, 0F SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

i @riginal application filed. September 13, 1923,

v 'i y serial no. 662,472, Divided and this application'med scember 41925. Serial No. 75,280.

T0 all whom Be it known l maar EMOND, a citizen or the l, ed States, aresident of Syracuse, cou ity ot Qnoiidaga, State of New York, hareinvente in Body Constr, the following with the arconip;

tic-ation, like che-. representing like 'i The iiivei'ltiori iparticularly to tl the closed type for z cardinal purpose or 't kvidesuch. body whe-i tural elements ci the up `that is, Vthe portion abouAbe subsianti "ly.reducer the vision or the occupi `not int-er iei'cdwith.

preferred form oli Y, K. for the production o e bod pearance an d or 'ifers considerable sdvan in 'cmstructiorr e! lMy vintention stood byrefers tion taken in panying tillustration il vehicle of th -fmonlyknows which serves as `my invention. y

Fig. lis a partial. side ele cles, oi which. in connection ugs, is aspeci- 1 the drawings ve vehicles. fr

^ is to prf L 'ique strucme same "luie v vition prot/idee y oit scemlyapstrenWr sudoraiid economies be more fully under;- thle i'ollowingdescrip- ;fi' `Jith tor purposes ci an automotive such is com- ,s indoorsedan and instr "vs example o' iger vaticn of the f* ations on and Figs.2 and 8 ar als. eniarged scale on the' lin respectively g Fig.. 'fi isan elevation of orde of the units of which the door soest-rusten as seenfrom.

tue door; 1s a section on the line 5--5 of 'the' inner side oi Fig.

Fig. 10 is a sec-tion on the iire 10Q-10 of Fig, 9.

' Referring to the larly Figs.

ving-:s and particu as eei lf here there .i to 3 the accomshown as anexample of my invent-ion a four-door vehicle of the sedan .typeembodying a loWe-r body section 11 and a per-Y manent roof or topf13supported from the lower body section by the qua-rter 14 `and permanenttopsupporting posts, suchas front posts 15, arising adjacent the lcowland serving in the example illustrated as' a support for thewind-shield, and siderposts 17. Access to the vehicle is had throughdoors which, 'as is customary in such Vehicles, extend from the floor orsill :to the roof or top 13, the upper-part of these doors eachcomprising a fined Windopframe 21y receiving e vertically slidingglazing- The posts -15 and 17 may arise adjacent tlieopenings intheloivcr `body section which are closed by the lower body portions '19 ofthese doors and in cooperation therewith forni `door-receiving openings,the posts forming portions of the jambs of the doorreceiving trame.

In the customary construction of closed vehicles of this type the postsor door'jambs andthe adjacent pillars of 'the door pro er formrelatively bulky assemblies and o er a considerable obstruction'to theVision 0f the occupants of the vehicle. The obstruction arises both fromthe thickness of .the

.parts measured longitudinally of the Vehiduction of the size of theseparts so that Y they may be received Within a circumscribf ing circle ofvery small diameter While strength and .durability are in no Waysacrificed.

Refer-rin to Figs. 2 and 3, While the construction o the door-receivingframe might be of any desired or suitable type, "conveniently and inconsdnance With the endeavor to minimize the bulk of the frame-Workoflthe vehicle above the belt line the p'os'tsll aud 17 are of suitabletubular "steel shapes.. me

The side posts 17, as illustrated in lFigs. .2 and 3, may be ofcounterpart orrrnalthough reversed in position in the exampleillustrated, to accommodate the' frontWmdoW 21 and the second Window 2land to' provide between them for au intermediate section of panelling orglazing y ln accordance with. my invention the upper portion of the dooror at leastthat part thereof which closes against t e forward pestif'l'sconstructed solely as guide for Nif l frame, prefera the sliding'window. At 'the same time the other portions of the door may be made ofsuch substantial and rigid construction as to ensure strength anddurability. In the embodiment of the invention illustrated this objectis effected and other advantages obtained by constructing the door fromtwo relatively'tlight and wieldy units. In the form shown one ot theseunits illustrated particularly in Fig. t provides for the assembly andlcoordination of the parts of the Window or glazing which `forms the.upper part of the complete door and the other unit illustrated in Fig.might be said in a generalway to comprise the lower doorpo'rtion 19. Forconvenience in 'referring to these units and without any defining,rintention I shall vherein call them the window unit and the kdoor unit.f

Referring,` to Figs. -t and 5, the window unit may comprise a suitabletall window ly constructed of metal, and embodying' the vtwo channelsides Q5 more .clearly illustrated in Fic'. 2 which provide guidewayslin which the light or glazing otl the window', whether or no equippedwith a sash, may slide. In the 't'orm olE the invention illustrated theglass is fitted directly irrto these channels without any sash but withthe customary t'elt packing .26 and in this instance the side memberspreferably have the sectional t'orm clearly 'illustrated in Fig..2 witha tubular body portion. The window frame is completed by lower and uprper cross members 2i' and 29 and the member 29 is secured to the membersby the angles 3l and is conveniently n'iade readily removable asindicated in Fig'. t to provide access to the interior ot the channelsso that the light` or pane ot the window may be readily slid into the,channels vfrom the top either before or after the window section nowbeing described is assembled with the door section. Secured to the sidemembers 25 (see Fig. conveniently by means ot angles 33, is the metalliclock-har lf3 suitably 'formed to accomn'iodate the lock and incooperation with the rectangular@ window frame providin; t'or thesupport ot' various parts and mechanisms which are associated with orused in controlling' the` window. s a graphic example l ha\e hereinpartially illustrated a suitable window regulator Si', .so-called. forraising andlowering the win dow in the frame and which is supported on`the lower cross member 27 and the lockbar 35. It will be seen thatlwhile the unit shownin Fig. Lt is relatively lai-52e, it i's of lig-rbtand simple construction and it may be readily handled and prior to anyassembly with the other parts ot the door.v the various mechanismsassociated with the sliding window proper may he secured in positie anddi usted.

Referring new' to (i, T and S., the

Acercasse lower door section is constructed as an independent unit` andmay comprise alock pillar 39, a hinge pillar 4l and a bottom rail 43,these parts being conveniently, though not necessarily, constructed ofwood, a beltbar joining the upper ends of the pillars and the outerpanel 47. These parts though relatively bulky and heavy constitute aunit relatively small in size and correspondingly wieldy. The innerfaces of the pillars 39 and 41 are provided with thegroovcs or socketsit) adapted to receive the lower portion ot the window trame and theupper portions and one flange et these sockets is cut away providing therabbets 5l against which portions of the channels Q5 et' the window unittit and also receiving' the lock-bar ot the window unit. This door unitmay be handled by jig ope 'ations on the bench, constructed as shown andcompleted with any necessary or usual tittings. The two units as shownin Figs. 4 and (3 may'then be as-v sembled to torni the substantiall)vcomplete door as show'p in Figs. 9 and lt) by simply inserting the lowerportion ot' the window -t'ramc into the sockets 4t) and securing thebelt-bar 35 to the pillars` either belore or atter the lower doorsection 1S) is hung and either before or after the window pane or lightproper is inserted through the upper ends ofthe channels. In eitherinstance all the necessary parts and mechanisms for 4ecutrollingg' andoperating the window may be attached, lined up and adjusted on thewindow trame unit as shown in Fic. 4 betere it is assembled with thedoor section of Fig. 6 and likewise the door section may be completedand provided with suitableor desired fittings before it is assembledwith the large window easing. At the same time the bring.- incvtogetl'ier or assembling,r ot these two units is substantially a mercjuxtaposition `or itting together instead ot a building' 0peration.

l have not attempted to show in detail, particularly in Figs. 4t and 6,all the various elements or fittings which might be attael or adilustedto the window unit or the d unit in they course of their constructionthe number and nature ot these might vary in aecm'dance withcircumstances and thin dictates otf convenience. The illustrations, inFigs. 4 and 6 and to an extent the illustrations in Figs. 9 and 'l0 maybe taken, there Jfore, as somewhat; diagrammatic graphicallillustrations as will be readily understood in view of this statement.It will also be understood that the interior surface of the lowerportion ot' the door illustrated in Figs'. and l0 is upholstered orfinished in any suitable or desired way.

Referring to Fig. 10, the door may be coinpleted by the removable sills53 and 55 tit# ting; the sides ot the window and its frame' and closingthe top of the door section;

itl() llt) iii.; U5

intreccio Conveniently both the sills are removable or displaceable, andin particular` thesill to permit the light properto be inserted lnto theupper 'end oi the channels 25k when the top piece or lintel T29 1sremoved in the lmanner illustrated in llig. l and to permit i terminateadjacent the belt line'of the vehicle and the upper section of the door,which extends above the lower :body section, 11 of the vehicle, asillustrated in Fig, l, consists solely of a relatively light windowframe lying betweenl thc laces and between the edges of the lower doorsection 19. The

sides of this frame consist oit the channels 25 which are merelysupports and guides for\ the movable glazing 2l and are oi? lno greaterVsize than is required ttor this function. This frame is adapted toclose against the top` supporting posts, as indicated in Fig; 2, the

channels 25 being received in the rabbets of these 'posts so that thewindow closes the upper portion of the door opening defined by the poststo complete the closure of the vehicle. To permit 'this construction theposts may be offset, 'that at the forward side of the door rearwardlyand that atthe rear,- ward side forwardly, as illustrated in Fig. l andoverhang somewhat the pillars and fil of the lower door section. 4 V

The upper portion of the door body coropr'ising'the permanentlyprojecting window frame is thus of very small dimensions conlsideredboth longitudinally and transversely and in cooperation with the smallpillars provide assemblies of small size which offer relatively littleimpediment to vision. The

ost as l5, and the channel 25 which lits thereagainst need occupy' nomore space than the corresponding' pillar or side frame member of aconventional door, even disregarding the postor jainb with which such apillar cooperates. it the sanietime the lower door-body 19 may be madeof any desired size ,to provideJ adeguate strength and durabllity. Thereduction of the dimensions ot' the upper portion of the window entailsno sacrifice of strength or rigidity in that portion of the door. y Inthe form of the invention shown the door as a whole is provided withhing` installed solely on the lower door section (z .though theinvention is obviously ot limited to such construction) and mioht besaid that this relatively .f-.iafssive lo and susi ndsthe supporti g andcontrolli in Fig. e. The permane' tion of a window l illustratedproieeting porrelatively short tnewindow u.;

n carries and although its parts are of Vsmall section it may be madeof'amplerigidity -for the function which it has to serve, to wit, as acarrier for the sliding glass. ln the form shown wherein the windowsection comprises two guides Q5 which are maintained in a common planeby a plurality oif'cross pieces7 herein three such pieces,the lintel 29,the cross member 27 and the loclsbar 35, a ready -installzdion oi' the.window proper is much facilitated as contrasted with the diiliculttaslr of attaching guides to the sides of the assembled door and theaccurate fitting or alignment of such guides. J

The greater width of the lower door section on the lock side permits thespindle of the door handle to pass through the lower door sectioncxteriorly of the acont guide 25 for lthe glazing' and out of the way'of the sliding glass and provides space for the shooting' of the bolt.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shownthe top-supportingpillars l5 and 17' are offset onboth sides of the door opening. Thewindow trame and the upper part of the vehicle as a whole is thus symmetric-ally arranged and of an attractive apr pear-ance.

The present application is a division of my copending application SerialNo. 662,- 472, filed Sept. 13, g1923, in which co-pending application Ihave claimed the door construction as such. lnthe present application Ihave claimed solely the construction I of closed body herein described.wherein the door is so arranged in.y combination with` tempting in thecourse of the description Ito indicate in a more generic way what wasexemplified b v the specific structure shown and described. The specificdisclosure and language used in describing it are not therefore to betaken in a lin'iiting sense and the more general principles exemplifiedby my invention which claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent I shall express in the following claims.

l. A vehicle body of the closed type coniprising a lower body sectionfrom 'whichv rise ermanent tomsunoortin osts said' l) l rl a bodysection having an opening cooperating with certain of the posts todefine a door opening, a door for said body opening, a.

with a 'forward door mi avenant' corr metallic window tili'ine'tixe'llly e-i rie-l by said door and havingeon'tiiin'ons side mene berswithin which the window slides le' tweeii an' etti-eine raisedposition'and ain extreme lowered position beneatli the belt line vandwhich pei-nane'inly project above' tite belt line ol` "he door and whichclose ltrtween .said po n 2. A` vehiele body ot' lhe closed type' eonfprising a loner body section from wlneii rise topsnppiating' posts;detining' with top and body a traine-like opening and i finiteolnprisin;r a relativeljv tall traine tired inonnted in the lower bodyser-tion and lr. ing an npper portion permanently above the lower bodyset-tion and received between the postsl and a'trrlaxing inorable np anddown within said traine between an extreme raisedposition and ane.\;treine lowered position beneath the bell line.

3. A vehiele body ol' the elosed type roniprising a lower body sectionAfrom whielrriso lixed top-supportine` posts. said body section being'provided with sockets adjacent said posts, a metallie window 'trainenioniltedas a nnit therein and having' long' eontinnons Iside membersreceived in said sockets and lixedly supported therein to provide a.traine, permanently projrrtihel above .said lower lsection and .receivedbetween said posts and a window in said trame, slidable therein to besupported w-ithinthe traine above said body section or below the; beltline ol the latter.

4. An automotive vehicle ot' the closed typey having a lower bodysection provided with a forward door opening); havingl a janib adjacentthe eowl` forward pillars rising: from the cowl and ofl'set rearwardlyfrom the line ol' the jznnb, a door in said lower body section and awindow traine carried by said door having' a permanently projecttineinpper portion comprising :leidde within which (be window slides betweena raised position above the, belt lin;I and a lowered position beneaththe belt. line. the projeeting;l portion otthe j jnide closing' -lireetlv against said oll'setpillar.

5. An antoi'notivif type having l.

ot' they closed lower b= dy wrtion provided opening; havin;r a janibadjacent the cowl, a lower door Section in the low'er body serli'n ltingagainst the janib. a tall rigid window traine ot' sneh length as toprovide tor the sliding; ot' the window within the .saine l'roin xtremeraised to extreino lowered position, the lower portion of said 'trainobeing lixedljv set in said door between the faces and lwtween the edgesthereol and a pillar risingl troni the cowl and otl'set to overhang thelower door section and mate with the edge o'li said frame projr-acting`above the door section.

6. An yautomotive vehicle of the closed type comprising a lower bodysection having j'irivieetingil a door opening, ixed pillars supportingthe top. a door in said opening. a 'window trane pernainentlyprojet-ling' above the belt line ot the door and a viindowslidalilejvitliin o l" the door body and closing directly againstai'itonatire vehicle ot 'thefclosed "irisivio a lower body section havyl door opening, fixedA pillars snppo the' t fp comprising a cornerpillar proj inf ad ent the cowl andthe ttor; ward side or' saidopening,- av door in the opening. a windoav traine permanently profjet-tin;lr above the belt line' oi the door and a window slidable withinthe same between a position above the belt line'and'n position below thes:nne.said frame comprising on the forward side a continuons narrowehzn-nel in which the window slides,"'i'nset 'trom the adjaeent edge otthe door body'and closing;v directly against said cornerpillar.

8. An aotoinotivo vehicle ot the closed type cinnprising a lower bodysection having l'ront and rear doors, fixed top-supporting pillarsdefining openings alo'ove the doors and including a pillar at the-re'ar'of the front door otlset forwardly and apillar at the front o'lthe reardoor odset rearL wardly. a glazed section between thepillars,Window 'ranies permanently projecting above the belt line ot'- thedoors, windows slidable within said trames betweena raised posil'onclosing. said openings andfa lowleren position wherein they are receivedZbelow the belt line.v said trainescomprisingon the. opposed sides ofthe, two doors con-` tinuons narrow channels in which thevvilny dow@lslide, inset from the adjacent edges ol" the door bodies and closingdirectly against laid pillars. i ,5;

Si. A vehicle body of the closed type com# pris-ing: a lower oodySection from which rise permanent t.f.=j-snpj'io1'ting posts, an openingin raid body section cooperating Witheerf tain el" said posts to deiinea dooropening one nl the posts at said opening having a door receivingrabbet, a door closingthe opening.y the upper portion ot the door abovethe belt lin/e being n window trame of relatively` light construction ascompared with the lower portion of the door andl compris;y ing a linteland the j iermanently projeotf ing portions of channel guidesincorporated with the framework ot the lower portion of the door andrising theret'rtn'n, saidignides being ot a restrieted sectionproviding/a support for a glazing and Within which a glazing may `slidebetween a position closing the opening above the door to a posi nonBeneath the ben 1in@2 said guides @10aH ling against the posts and vintosaid rabbet.

10. A Vehicle body of the closed type comprising a lower body sectionfrom' which rise permanent top-supporting posts, an

-opening in said body section cooperating with certain of the posts todefine a door Iopening, a door closing the opening com- 15 sainea whichframe consists of channel side guides of restricted section to provide asnpport Ior the glazing anda' lintel connectmg.

said guides, said frame being permanently carried in fixed position bythe lower portion of the door and c1os1fng against said posts to closethe opening between the lower body section and the top and a slidingglazing which may alternativegy` be received in said frame to close theopenlngthe upper portion of the door or housed within the lower portion.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLIAM H. EMoND.

